CHAPTER -4
EARTHQUAKE RELIEF PROGRAM
HN TPO has been working in the Abbottabad, Mansehra and Battagram Districts since the mid nineties, for more than a decade. HN TPO has worked with community organizations in all the 20 Union Councils of Battagram, 45 out of 46 Union Councils of Abbottabad and 54 out of the 58 Union Councils of Mansehra. At the moment its “mainstream programmers” are funded by PPAF. Additionally it also provides social organisation support to government funded Barani Project and the DFID and government funded Rural Water and Supply Project in these districts. In two Union Councils of Balakot it also works with the SDC funded Community Based Resource Management Project. HN TPO has -1612 male Community Organisation and 567 female Community Organisations working in the Mansehra and Battagram Districts. It also has 60 professional staff working in this region beside another 15 working in Abbottabad. HN TPO has nine social organization units working in the area.
The outreach that the programme has in the communities has compelled it to become an active player in Disaster Management in the area. HN TPO has worked with DFID,( Rs 4 million) CIDA Rs 4 million,( included Dir) World Vision (Rs 9 million approximately) in the past two years to address relief issues arising out of rains, snow, flood and earthquake which have hit the area with an increasing frequency.
Relief, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
The Government of Pakistan decided to pay all those whose houses have been completely destroyed by the devastating earthquake of 8th October, 05 a sum of Rs. 175, 000. While
all those persons whose houses have been partially damaged and are declared retrofit-able shall be entitled to Rs.75000/- each. The financial assistance, i.e. Rs.25000/- already paid to all the affected households, will be deducted from this amount. The remaining disbursement in the case of totally destroyed house will be made in three instalments of Rs. 75,000/-; Rs.25, 000/- and Rs.50, 000/- depending upon the reconstruction of the houses up to various levels. In the case of partially damaged houses, the owner shall receive the remaining amount of Rs.50, 000/- in one go. This whole disbursement will be done by the Government of Pakistan (ERRA) through Pakistan ARMY and PPAF. This reconstruction of Housing is funded by different International Donors. PPAF will be working in 34 union councils of the earthquake affected areas of NWFP and AJK.
Role of HN TPO in Reconstruction
After successful and transparent relief operations in the earthquake affected areas of Abbottabad, Mansehra and Battagram districts of NWFP, HN TPO went into agreement with PPAF for reconstruction and rehabilitation project. This project is a privilege for HN TPO as apart from Pakistan ARMY in these two districts i.e. Mansehra & Battagram, the only non-government organisation working in reconstruction of housing is HN TPO till now.
PPAF is implementing the reconstruction of housing project in 34 union councils of the earthquake affected areas of NWFP and AJK with 6 partner organisations including HN TPO. Out of the total 34 UCs, HN TPO has got the largest number of union councils i.e. 14 the rest of the 20 are divided among NHN TPO, Islamic Relief, SUNGI, Omar Asghar Khan Foundation and Women Welfare Organisation Poonch.
The project agreement was signed with PPAF on 19th April, 2006. Initially the project was launched in Boogermang union council of Mansehra with only four Social Mobilisation Teams (SMTs) as pilot phase. This was after one month increased to 44 SMTs.
PPAF is implementing the reconstruction of housing project in 34 union councils of the earthquake affected areas of NWFP and AJK with 6 partner organisations including HN TPO. Out of the total 34 UCs, HN TPO has got the largest number of union councils i.e. 14 the rest of the 20 are divided among NHN TPO, Islamic Relief, SUNGI, Omar Asghar Khan Foundation and Women Welfare Organisation Poonch.
The project agreement was signed with PPAF on 19th April, 2006. Initially the project was launched in Boogermang union council of Mansehra with only four Social Mobilisation Teams (SMTs) as pilot phase. This was after one month increased to 44 SMTs.
Structure of SMTs
Each SMT comprises of 2 Social Organisers (SO), 1 Engineer, 1 Key Punch Operator (KPO) and two support staff. Each SMT has its own vehicle and ideally every SMT has to cover 500 to 700 Households. One government representative is nominated by the local Government to facilitate each SMT in verification of the data.
Process followed by SMT'S
The process of damage assessment followed by disbursement and construction of houses is as followed:
1) Mobilization
A message is disseminated in the local communities two days prior to damage assessment. Then a meeting is held with Union Council Nazim, councillors, other community members. In this meeting, community is informed about the guide lines, process and procedures of damage assessment made by ERRA. Community is asked to nominate two literate members who can assist SMT in identification of houses.
2) Damage Assessment
The SMT along with government representative visit each and every house for their damage assessment. First of all the name of the house owner is compared with the list provided by army and to whom the first cheque of Rs. 25,000/- has already been paid. Then the engineer takes the coordinates and the measurement of the covered area, which is filled into a damage assessment form. Also a picture in front of the destroyed house is taken for proof. After a complete assessment of the house by all the four members of the team, then by the consensus of all the members, the damage category of the house is decided. Land ownership certificate is to be provided by the house owner to the SMT in case of tenants, NOC from the owner is required. Then an MOU is signed between the owner and HN TPO for reconstruction of the damaged house.
3) Data Punching
All the assessment forms are submitted to key punch operator in the office on daily basis. Key punch operator is responsible for all the data entry of the filled formats in MIS. The MIS assemble the cases into three categories i.e. incomplete, grievances and complete forms.
4) First Phase Disbursements
Advice slips are prepared for all the cases which are complete and fulfill the ERRA criteria.
5) The advice slip is provided to house owner for claiming the reconstruction amount from the bank and the other copy remains in SMT for record. An advice list is sent to regional account officer by District Coordinator Reconstruction to be sent to bank for transfer of amount to affectees bank accounts.
6) Second Phase Disbursements:
Houses which are completely collapsed would be eligible for this second tranche of Rs.25, 000/- The ones who would communicate their request for the release of 2nd tranche or as a result of follow-up visits, SMT will inspect the construction carried out up to the plinth level. If eligible the SMT shall issue a certificate of inspection as recommendation for payment. The same process of Advice slip would be used for this disbursement also.
7) Third Phase Disbursements
The third tranche of Rs. 50,000/- would be released after getting inspection certificate from SMT for construction up to roof level. The same process of Advice slip would be used for this disbursement also.
8) Scaling up the programme
After the successful completion of the pilot phase the results revealed that it would require at least 4 SMTs per UC to conduct a rapid damage assessment of all the houses in the union council to release the first phase of disbursements. So that the reconstruction should be started immediately and the work should take a good pace before the next winters sets in. Government as well as the communities were also pressurising PPAF & ERRA to speed up the process of reconstruction.
Keeping in view the afore-mentioned facts it was decided to work out the actual number of SMTs required for finalising the damage assessments within one month. A meeting was held at HN TPO Mansehra regional office on 25th May in the presence of CEO, to increase the number of SMTs from 4 to 60. PPAF was asked to increase the resources for 60 SMTs to cover all the 14 UCs in one month. PPAF agreed to 44 SMTs for the period of three months only. They also asked HN TPO to in-place these SMTs at the earliest of their capacity.
In a meeting on 26th May 2006 with CEO at Mansehra regional office, the Structure for Reconstruction and Rehabilitation in Mansehra Mainstream Programme was finalised. Structure is attached as Annex-I. All the office equipment required was worked out and orders were placed immediately. Equipment included computers, GPS, digital cameras and stationary bags. Generators along with large UPS were ordered for Allai, Battagram and Kewai. Additional staff requirement was assessed and it was decided that additional 56 SO’s, 44 KPO’s and 20 engineers would be recruited.
Walk-in interviews were conducted by 4 panels of senior regional staff on 27th of May, 06. A two day’s training programme for the newly recruited staff was held on 30th -31st May, 06. All the 44 Teams were placed in their respective areas and were functional from 1st of June, 2006.
HN TPO Earthquake Disaster Response and Strategy
In response to such devastation HN TPO took a quick decision of restructuring the organizational setup for these three affected districts. A Relief Coordination Cell (RCC)
Balakot Tent Villages:
Siren Valley Tent Villages
Konch Valley Tent Villages:
Battal Tent Villages
Mansehra District Tent Villages
Battagram District Tent Villages:
Oghi Tehsil Mansehra
CBRM- SDC Area UC Garlat & Balakot:
HN TPO Role in Physical Infrastructure Development
HealthNet TPO me has a two pronged strategy
- Undertake socio economic profile at each location where HN TPO is organizing the community. At locations where PI&WES is a high priority need,
prepare a detailed portfolio of schemes in partnership with the concerned community. - Execute some of the schemes in an innovative and participatory manner, through the financial support of donors, as a research and demonstration activity so that their feasibility could be shown to government and other agencies.
In many instances, drinking water and sanitation facilities are the top priority needs. HN TPO's experiences of working with the communities have been encouraging. Communities are eager to contribute towards their own development, especially when they know that their contribution will be channel zed into the development of their own localities. When the people are involved in decision making, they are willing to provide manpower, and accept the responsibility of operation and maintenance of schemes Now it is the time where people have started asking the government quarters, are they willing to participate in the people programmes. The participatory approach is not merely meant for installation of water supply and sanitation schemes, rather it is aimed at changing the attitude of the people towards themselves, to each other, and their environment, the process of empowering the people is fostered,
Earthquake Relief Shelter Program
Temporary Shelters
Mercy Corps: HN TPO, in collaboration with mercy corps, constructed 2,252 shelters in Mansehra. 731 shelters have been constructed in siren valley and 1521 in konch valley. A total four union councils were undertaken in this project namely Bogermung, Shinkiari, Icherian and Battal. Returnable and non-returnable tool kits and CGI sheets were provided to the community for construction of the shelters while labour and wood was being provided by the community themselves.
Behbood: HN TPO, in collaboration with Behbood, constructed 166 temporary shelters in Abbottabad. These Shelters have been given out in UC Boi of Abbottabad district. Due to heavy rains and snow fall in these areas, it was impossible to erect wooden structures, Steel structures (frames) and CGI sheets for roofs were provided to communities.
IDRF HN TPO, in collaboration with IDRF, is constructing temporary Transitional shelters in UC Balakot Mansehra district. Total of 750 transitional shelters would be constructed under this project.
| Area | No. of Temporary Shelters | HH benefited | Beneficiaries |
| | 731 | 731 | 4386 |
| | 1521 | 1521 | 9126 |
| UC Boi Abbottabad | 166 | 166 | 996 |
| UC Kukmang Abbottabad (Under Process) | 750 | 750 | 4500 |
| Total | 3168 | 3168 | 19008 |
Permanent Shelters
HN TPO started a pilot phase of shelter programme in the Siren Vallley of Mansehra District funded by PPAF. Initially 20 Shelters were constructed. After the demonstration of these shelters another 25 were funded by a French Association. Similarly 125 Shelters have been constructed in Jaraid, Kaghan valley. These shelters provide more dignified way of living and are earthquake resistant.
A shelter of one room was designed by HN TPO engineers and then discussed with the community for its social acceptability in the area. Two meetings were conducted with two separate community organizations of the affected villages. The designs were shared with members of community organizations (COs) of the affected villages of Andrasi and Gran Thali. Then a criterion for distribution was incorporated through community participation as to avoid generating any grievances in provision of these shelters.
The main points of the criteria are
The main points of the criteria are
- Single headed families were given priority
- Poorest and Vulnerable community members were prioritised
- Those members who do not possess the appropriate size of timber or are very poor were helped by the other members in arranging timber and construction
- Cutting of trees was not accepted
| Area | No. of Permanent Shelters | HH benefited | Beneficiaries |
| | 50 | 50 | 300 |
| | 125 | 125 | 750 |
| | 50 | 50 | 300 |
| Total | 225 | 225 | 1350 |
The main points of the criteria are
1. Single headed families were given priority
- Poorest and Vulnerable community members were prioritised
- Those members who do not possess the appropriate size of timber or are very poor were helped by the other members in arranging timber and construction
- Cutting of trees was not accepted
| Area | No. of Permanent Shelters | HH benefited | Beneficiaries |
| | 50 | 50 | 300 |
| | 125 | 125 | 750 |
| | 50 | 50 | 300 |
| | | | |
| Total | 225 | 225 | 1350 |
Type of Physical Infrastructure
Gabion structure (spure) Spillway / Reservoir, Imp; of water reservoir, Drinking Water, Irrigation (Salanity Control), Land Protection Spurs, Dugwell + spurs, Land Protection/road improvement, Hand Pumps, Extension of Reservoir, Rating Wall (Soil erosion)
Decommissioning and Upgrading
With the continued movement of people from the camps, decommissioning of the latrines and bathhouses are on going. So far a total of 76 latrines and 34 bathhouses have been decommissioned from 10 camps (9 in Mansehra, 1 in Balakot).
| Summary of Movement in Camps | |||||||||
| Sr.No. | District | Tehsil | Total Camps | Movement | Decommissioned | ||||
| | | | | Yes | No | Plan to Move | Fully | Partially | NO |
| 1 | Mansehra | Mansehra | 24 | 6 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 15 |
| 2 | Mansehra | Balakot | 22 | 0 | 10 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 21 |
| 3 | Battagram | | 9 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| TOTAL | | | 55 | 6 | 28 | 21 | 6 | 4 | 45 |
A decade of livelihood programmes in Earthquake affected Districts
HN TPO has been working in the Mansehra and Battagram Districts since the mid nineties, for more than a decade. HN TPO has worked with community organisations in all the 20 Union Councils of Battagram, 45 out of 46 Union Councils of Abbottabad and 54 out of the 58 Union Councils of Mansehra. At the moment its “mainstream programmes” are funded by PPAF. Additionally it also provides social organisation support to government funded Barani Project and the DFID and government funded Rural Water and Supply Project in these districts. In two Union Councils of Balakot it also works with the SDC funded Community Based Resource Management Project. HN TPO has -1612 male Community Organisations and 567 female Community Organisations working in the Mansehra and Battagram Districts. It also has 60 professional staff working in this region besides another 15 working in Abbottabad. HN TPO has nine social organization units working in the area.
This project is a privilege for HN TPO as apart from Pakistan ARMY in these two districts i.e. Mansehra & Battagram, the only non-government organisation working in reconstruction of housing is HN TPO till now. PPAF is implementing the reconstruction of housing project in 34 union councils of the earthquake affected areas of NWFP and AJK with 6 partner organisations including HN TPO. Out of the total 34 UCs, HN TPO has got the largest number of union councils i.e. 14 the rest of the 20 are divided among NHN TPO, Islamic Relief, SUNGI, Omar Asghar Khan Foundation and Women Welfare Organisation Poonch. The project agreement was signed with PPAF on 19th April, 2006. Initially the project was launched in Boogermang union council of Mansehra with only four Social Mobilisation Teams (SMTs) as pilot phase. This was after one month increased to 44 SMTs. Structure of SMTs Each SMT comprises of 2 Social Organisers (SO), 1 Engineer, 1 Key Punch Operator (KPO) and two support staff. Each SMT has its own vehicle and ideally every SMT has to cover 500 to 700 Households. One government representative is nominated by the local Government to facilitate each SMT in verification of the data. Process followed by SMT'S The process of damage assessment followed by disbursement and construction of houses is as followed: 1) Mobilization A message is disseminated in the local communities two days prior to damage assessment. Then a meeting is held with Union Council Nazim, councillors, other community members. In this meeting, community is informed about the guide lines, process and procedures of damage assessment made by ERRA. Community is asked to nominate two literate members who can assist SMT in identification of houses. 2) Damage Assessment The SMT along with government representative visit each and every house for their damage assessment. First of all the name of the house owner is compared with the list provided by army and to whom the first cheque of Rs. 25,000/- has already been paid. Then the engineer takes the coordinates and the measurement of the covered area, which is filled into a damage assessment form. Also a picture in front of the destroyed house is taken for proof. After a complete assessment of the house by all the four members of the team, then by the consensus of all the members, the damage category of the house is decided. Land ownership certificate is to be provided by the house owner to the SMT in case of tenants, NOC from the owner is required. Then an MOU is signed between the owner and HN TPO for reconstruction of the damaged house. 3) Data Punching All the assessment forms are submitted to key punch operator in the office on daily basis. Key punch operator is responsible for all the data entry of the filled formats in MIS. The MIS assemble the cases into three categories i.e. incomplete, grievances and complete forms. 4) First Phase Disbursements Advice slips are prepared for all the cases which are complete and fulfil the ERRA criteria. One copy of the advice slip is provided to house owner for claiming the reconstruction amount from the bank and the other copy remains in SMT for record. An advice list is sent to regional account officer by District Coordinator Reconstruction to be sent to bank for transfer of amount to affectees bank accounts. 6) Second Phase Disbursements: Houses which are completely collapsed would be eligible for this second tranche of Rs.25, 000/- The ones who would communicate their request for the release of 2nd tranche or as a result of follow-up visits, SMT will inspect the construction carried out up to the plinth level. If eligible the SMT shall issue a certificate of inspection as recommendation for payment. The same process of Advice slip would be used for this disbursement also. 7) Third Phase Disbursements The third tranche of Rs. 50,000/- would be released after getting inspection certificate from SMT for construction up to roof level. The same process of Advice slip would be used for this disbursement also. 8) Scaling up the programme After the successful completion of the pilot phase the results revealed that it would require at least 4 SMTs per UC to conduct a rapid damage assessment of all the houses in the union council to release the first phase of disbursements. So that the reconstruction should be started immediately and the work should take a good pace before the next winters sets in. Government as well as the communities were also pressurising PPAF & ERRA to speed up the process of reconstruction. Keeping in view the afore-mentioned facts it was decided to work out the actual number of SMTs required for finalising the damage assessments within one month. A meeting was held at HN TPO Mansehra regional office on 25th May in the presence of CEO, to increase the number of SMTs from 4 to 60. PPAF was asked to increase the resources for 60 SMTs to cover all the 14 UCs in one mon
This project is a privilege for HN TPO as apart from Pakistan ARMY in these two districts i.e. Mansehra & Battagram, the only non-government organisation working in reconstruction of housing is HN TPO till now. PPAF is implementing the reconstruction of housing project in 34 union councils of the earthquake affected areas of NWFP and AJK with 6 partner organisations including HN TPO. Out of the total 34 UCs, HN TPO has got the largest number of union councils i.e. 14 the rest of the 20 are divided among NHN TPO, Islamic Relief, SUNGI, Omar Asghar Khan Foundation and Women Welfare Organisation Poonch. The project agreement was signed with PPAF on 19th April, 2006. Initially the project was launched in Boogermang union council of Mansehra with only four Social Mobilisation Teams (SMTs) as pilot phase. This was after one month increased to 44 SMTs. Structure of SMTs Each SMT comprises of 2 Social Organisers (SO), 1 Engineer, 1 Key Punch Operator (KPO) and two support staff. Each SMT has its own vehicle and ideally every SMT has to cover 500 to 700 Households. One government representative is nominated by the local Government to facilitate each SMT in verification of the data. Process followed by SMT'S The process of damage assessment followed by disbursement and construction of houses is as followed: 1) Mobilization A message is disseminated in the local communities two days prior to damage assessment. Then a meeting is held with Union Council Nazim, councillors, other community members. In this meeting, community is informed about the guide lines, process and procedures of damage assessment made by ERRA. Community is asked to nominate two literate members who can assist SMT in identification of houses. 2) Damage Assessment The SMT along with government representative visit each and every house for their damage assessment. First of all the name of the house owner is compared with the list provided by army and to whom the first cheque of Rs. 25,000/- has already been paid. Then the engineer takes the coordinates and the measurement of the covered area, which is filled into a damage assessment form. Also a picture in front of the destroyed house is taken for proof. After a complete assessment of the house by all the four members of the team, then by the consensus of all the members, the damage category of the house is decided. Land ownership certificate is to be provided by the house owner to the SMT in case of tenants, NOC from the owner is required. Then an MOU is signed between the owner and HN TPO for reconstruction of the damaged house. 3) Data Punching All the assessment forms are submitted to key punch operator in the office on daily basis. Key punch operator is responsible for all the data entry of the filled formats in MIS. The MIS assemble the cases into three categories i.e. incomplete, grievances and complete forms. 4) First Phase Disbursements Advice slips are prepared for all the cases which are complete and fulfil the ERRA criteria. One copy of the advice slip is provided to house owner for claiming the reconstruction amount from the bank and the other copy remains in SMT for record. An advice list is sent to regional account officer by District Coordinator Reconstruction to be sent to bank for transfer of amount to affectees bank accounts. 6) Second Phase Disbursements: Houses which are completely collapsed would be eligible for this second tranche of Rs.25, 000/- The ones who would communicate their request for the release of 2nd tranche or as a result of follow-up visits, SMT will inspect the construction carried out up to the plinth level. If eligible the SMT shall issue a certificate of inspection as recommendation for payment. The same process of Advice slip would be used for this disbursement also. 7) Third Phase Disbursements The third tranche of Rs. 50,000/- would be released after getting inspection certificate from SMT for construction up to roof level. The same process of Advice slip would be used for this disbursement also. 8) Scaling up the programme After the successful completion of the pilot phase the results revealed that it would require at least 4 SMTs per UC to conduct a rapid damage assessment of all the houses in the union council to release the first phase of disbursements. So that the reconstruction should be started immediately and the work should take a good pace before the next winters sets in. Government as well as the communities were also pressurising PPAF & ERRA to speed up the process of reconstruction. Keeping in view the afore-mentioned facts it was decided to work out the actual number of SMTs required for finalising the damage assessments within one month. A meeting was held at HN TPO Mansehra regional office on 25th May in the presence of CEO, to increase the number of SMTs from 4 to 60. PPAF was asked to increase the resources for 60 SMTs to cover all the 14 UCs in one mon
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